The Importance of Exile in the Poetry of Seamus Heaney Essay -- Biogra

The Importance of Exile in the Poetry of Seamus Heaney   Ã‚   To be a poet in a culture obsessed with politics is a risky business. Investing poetry with the heavy burden of public meaning only frustrates its flight: however tempting it is to employ one's poetic talent in the service of a program or an ideology, the result usually has little to do with poetry. This is not to condemn the so-called "literature of engagement"; eye-opening and revealing, it has served its purpose in the unfinished story of our century, and now is certainly no time to call for the poet's retreat into the "ivory tower" of the self. Preserving the individual voice amidst the amorphous, all-leveling collective must be the first act of poetic will, a launching board from which each poet must start the effort of poetry. A mere glance at recent Irish history suffices to show a place where this preservation is particularly difficult. The pressures that the bifurcated Irish society exerts on its poets are enormous: taking a political stance is no longer a temptation (this implies a certain luxury of choice on behalf of the tempted) but rather an inescapable reality imposed by the agora of public discourse. Thus the condition of exile becomes the poet's only way out, the sole means of retaining the autonomy of his poetic voice. More than merely a survival tactic, however, it is a strategy of finding home "elsewhere," whether in the original language of the island (and today's minority), as in the case of Nuala Ni Dhomhnaill, or in the larger reality of poetic imagination. Seamus Heaney, who occupies the precarious position of being Ireland's most famous and accomplished living poet while refusing to become its bard, calls our attention to the role of exi... ...Beckett, Samuel. Murphy. New York: Grove Press, 1957. Haviaras, Stratis, ed. Seamus Heaney: A Celebration. A Harvard Review Monograph. 1996. Heaney, Seamus. Crediting Poetry: The Nobel Lecture. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1995. ---. The Government of the Tongue: Selected Prose 1978-1987. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1989. ---. Selected Poems 1966-1987. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1990. Kiberd, Declan. Inventing Ireland: The Literature of the Modern Nation. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1995. Malloy, Catharine and Phyllis Carey, ed. Seamus Heaney: The Shaping Spirit. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1996. Said, Edward W. "Intellectual Exile: Expatriates and Marginals." Grand Street 47 (1993): 113-124. Welch, Robert. Changing States: Transformations in Modern Irish Writing. London: Routledge, 1993.

Scientific Empiricism Essay -- Essays Papers

Scientific Empiricism In 1513, Nicholas Copernicus, composed a brief theory that stated that the sun is at rest and the earth is in rotation around the sun. In 1543, just days before his death, Copernicus published this theory in On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. This theory was meant to dissolve the long lived belief in Ptolemyà ­s theory which stated, "The earth was at the center because it was the heaviest of objects(Kagan331)." This was a common belief at that time, which supported the religious beliefs that the earth was the center of the universe and God in the heavens were surrounding the earth. Copernicusà ­s theory was shocking, but he published such a controversial theory without sufficient evidence, it had to be considered invalid. Tycho Brahe, a Danish astronomer, held a great belief in the importance of empiricism in relation to scientific theories. He was one of the greatest opposer of Copernicusà ­s On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. Brahe believed the Copernicus theory was not founded on a sufficient amount of "practice." Charles W. Morris, an author of The Encyclopedia and Unified Science who specialized in Scientific Empiricism, believes that practice is found at the heart of empiricism. Morris defines the importance of practice in scientific theories as: "The activity which gives rise to the sentences of science is, like any other systematic activity proceeding in terms of rules or canons(72)." It was based on these feelings of empiricism that inspired Brahe to, "collect the most accurate astronomical data that have ever been acquired by observation with the naked eye(Kagan331)." Brahe held the common belief among empiricist that, "It is willing and able to admit i... ... been the underlying factor in many scientific advancements. Morris believes that, "It is an empiricism which, because of this orientation and the use of powerful tools of logical analysis, has become positive in temper and co-operative in attitude and is no longer condemned to the negative skeptical task of showing defects in the methods and results of its opponents(Neurath68)." The great accomplishments of Brahe, Kepler, Newton and the many others are due to the advancement of scientific empiricism. Works Cited - Kagan, Donald, Ozment, Steven, and Turner, Frank M.. The Western Heritage. Vol. 2. New Jersey:Prentice Hall, 1996 - MacKinnon, Edward A.. The Problem of Scientific Realism. New York: Appleton-Century- Crofts, 1972. - Neurath, Otto, et al. Encyclopedia and Unified Science. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1938. Scientific Empiricism Essay -- Essays Papers Scientific Empiricism In 1513, Nicholas Copernicus, composed a brief theory that stated that the sun is at rest and the earth is in rotation around the sun. In 1543, just days before his death, Copernicus published this theory in On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. This theory was meant to dissolve the long lived belief in Ptolemyà ­s theory which stated, "The earth was at the center because it was the heaviest of objects(Kagan331)." This was a common belief at that time, which supported the religious beliefs that the earth was the center of the universe and God in the heavens were surrounding the earth. Copernicusà ­s theory was shocking, but he published such a controversial theory without sufficient evidence, it had to be considered invalid. Tycho Brahe, a Danish astronomer, held a great belief in the importance of empiricism in relation to scientific theories. He was one of the greatest opposer of Copernicusà ­s On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. Brahe believed the Copernicus theory was not founded on a sufficient amount of "practice." Charles W. Morris, an author of The Encyclopedia and Unified Science who specialized in Scientific Empiricism, believes that practice is found at the heart of empiricism. Morris defines the importance of practice in scientific theories as: "The activity which gives rise to the sentences of science is, like any other systematic activity proceeding in terms of rules or canons(72)." It was based on these feelings of empiricism that inspired Brahe to, "collect the most accurate astronomical data that have ever been acquired by observation with the naked eye(Kagan331)." Brahe held the common belief among empiricist that, "It is willing and able to admit i... ... been the underlying factor in many scientific advancements. Morris believes that, "It is an empiricism which, because of this orientation and the use of powerful tools of logical analysis, has become positive in temper and co-operative in attitude and is no longer condemned to the negative skeptical task of showing defects in the methods and results of its opponents(Neurath68)." The great accomplishments of Brahe, Kepler, Newton and the many others are due to the advancement of scientific empiricism. Works Cited - Kagan, Donald, Ozment, Steven, and Turner, Frank M.. The Western Heritage. Vol. 2. New Jersey:Prentice Hall, 1996 - MacKinnon, Edward A.. The Problem of Scientific Realism. New York: Appleton-Century- Crofts, 1972. - Neurath, Otto, et al. Encyclopedia and Unified Science. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1938.

Client’s Advocacy Essay

Abstract Advocacy is an important aspect of every counselor’s role; therefore, counselors need to help remove environmental barriers that hamper client’s well-being by increasing the client’s sense of personal power and to foster environmental changes that reflect greater responsiveness to client’s sense of personal needs. Outreach, empowerment, social justice, and social action are all apart of advocacy. Counselors need to help the client prevent psychological distress by helping them develop resources and strengths while reducing negative influences. There are three models: the wheel of wellness model, the indivisible self- model, and advocacy. These models emphasize the importance of enhancing individual strengths and environmental resources and decreasing individual limitations and social stresses. Sally Jo Jacobs, 34, Female client whom is Caucasian and divorced with four children and two living at home, youngest is living in Arizona with his Father, her ex-husband She hasn’t seen him since ’03. She is divorced from him because he was abusive to her physically and mentally. Her oldest son is living In Seattle and working, going to college, and has his own radio show from the college at Green River Community College. Client has one older sister, who lives in Alabama, which is on her 5th marriage due to her inability to deal with the abuse sustained when they were growing up. The client has two younger brothers, who were abused, but not sexually by their father. Her and her children are now living in the area with no family support or even communication with her parents. Client states she has a violent relationship with her father. Client states her relationship with her mother is on and off. The client was referred by her regular Physician for depression and unable to come up with healthy coping skills. The client doesn’t drink but twice a month, quit smoking in ’03, doesn’t gamble, doesn’t do street drugs, but is on prescription drugs due to chronic pain from a previous work injury and her physical abusive ex-husband. She loved working on cars and trucks, roller skating, going 4x4ing, gardening and yard work. She states that she has a very limited ability to do these things she loved to do and is having a hard time dealing with the fact that she can no longer do the things she loved to do. Client states she is taking Percocet 7.5 325 mg, 6 pills in a 24 hour period of time, Cymbalta 60mg in the morning, Flexerall,10 mg and a sleep aid at night. It is important for the counselor to be aware of what medications the client is on in order to help in the relation to the client’s well-being. Client states that she has nothing to do and she thinks about what happened when she was growing up with the abuse and her accident on a constant basis, which leads her to depression. She says that when she was growing up there was sexual and mental abuse by her father, that her father abused her and her sister when their mom was working or out bowling. She has very specific memories, she remembers from when she was in a crib to her last day of high school, which was the last time her father touched her in an inappropriate manner. â€Å"Childhood abuse and neglect may be markers for other factors that have an impact on the developing child or may share with PTSD a common origin in a disrupted and disorganized childhood. Another concern is that previous research has suggested that abused and neglected children are at increased risk for early behavior problems and conduct disorder. Behavior problems in childhood or adolescence may be associated with increased risk for engaging in risk y behaviors. In turn, such behaviors may lead to increased risk of exposure to traumatic events and to subsequent PTSD. A third possibility is that childhood victimization may be associated with PTSD through its effect on a person’s lifestyle, which places the person more or less at risk for exposure to traumatic events and, ultimately, PTSD. PTSD, such as low levels of education and extroversion, that serve to expose individuals to social roles and environments associated with high risk for victimization.† (Cathy, 1999.). This learner believes that she stayed in abusive and unhealthy relationships because of what her father did to her as a child and now she is experiencing depression and PTSD. The goal of this client is to empower her to solve her problems independently by helping her understand herself and to help her have the ability to problem-solve. The counselor needs to spend time assessing the seriousness of the concern presented to her and provide structure to the counseling process (such as understanding the conditions, procedures, and nature of counseling), and helping the clie nt take initiative in the change process. The goal for this client is to get her help for her depression with tools and education to help her work through what her father and ex-husband have put her through. My first priority is to build trust, rapport, and be able to set goals and design a treatment plan for change. The counselor will need to build up her psychological health by helping her build coping skills, self-esteem, social support, personal power, problem solving skills, self- care, sense of humor, sense of control, sense of worth, and stress management. Because of her abuse, she has developed depression and stress. The prevention programs the counselor needs to use for this client to help with stress is identifying the source of the stress, recognizing the physical and emotional consequences of stress, and learning and implementing adaptive coping responses. Strength-based Wellness counseling interventions may help abused survivors develop coping skills to enhance both overall quality of life and everyday functioning across multiple domains, while also providing a healthy foundation from which to explore and reframe their abuse experience. One of the most common interventions with adult women survivors is trauma-focused, or exposure-based, treatment, where the sexual abuse experience is reviewed in some way. Trauma focused interventions are based on the notion that the meaning â€Å"attach[ed] to the abuse, as well as the personal impact, is imbedded in the details of the experience† And therefore requires in-depth review of the abuse experience (Hodges & Myers, 2010). Fostering positive growth is an appropriate therapeutic goal: posttraumatic growth increases positive feelings of self, self-efficacy, and resiliency, which lay the foundation for continued Improvement in other areas of life. Wellness-focused interventions offer clients a positive lens for viewing their strengths and strategies for using those strengths to cope with the issues created by their sexual abuse history. Wellness-focused interventions validate the individual and the fact that the important thing is not why the individual survived but how. Advocacy is an important factor in every counselor’s role and it serves two purposes: to increase client’s sense of personal power and to foster environmental changes that reflect greater responsiveness to client’s personal needs (Gladding & Newsome, 2010). In order to help the client with advocacy, I would join the Montana Coalition against domestic and sexual violence and get my client guidance through them. The Montana Coalition Against Domestic & Sexual Violence (MCADSV) is a statewide coalition of individuals and organizations working together to end domestic and sexual violence through advocacy, public education, public policy, and p rogram development. Our mission is to support and facilitate networking among our member organizations while advocating for social change in Montana. Currently, MCADSV represents over 50 programs across Montana that provides direct services to victims and survivors of domestic and sexual violence and their children. In addition, the membership includes other nonprofit and government organizations and individuals (professionals and members of the general public) who are interested in addressing domestic and sexual violence in a way that holds offenders accountable and provides support for the people they victimize. Our membership is open to anyone who is in accord with their philosophy. Their philosophy is â€Å"We base our actions and interactions on the following basic tenets; we advocate for policy that supports and/or forwards them; and we work to increase public awareness on issues related to them. We believe all women have the right to live a life free of violence or the threat of violence. Women have the right to freedom from violations of their personal autonomy and physical integrity on the street, in the home, at the workplace, and in the Coalition. Furthermore, women should not have to restrict their freedom of movement, their bodies, or their activities in order to be safe. We believe all women have the right to make their own decisions regarding sexual and reproductive matters, lifestyles, finances, education, and employment. We believe religious beliefs and practices are a matter of personal conscience and individual choice, and a Montana Coalition member shall neither promote nor discourage a particular religious belief in the course of his or her work. We believe classism, racism, ableism, ageism, homophobia (and all forms of elitism) are attitudes that serve to divide people who might otherwise join forces. As such, they interfere with women’s ability to pool their efforts and reach their full potential. Our membership is open to people of all backgrou nds. Furthermore, survivors of violence represent an essential constituency in our movement, and the Montana Coalition strongly encourages full participation by and equity for survivors† (MSADSV, 2010). MSADSV’s goals are to eliminate all forms of oppression, provide support and networking opportunities and training, and to encourage increased awareness and understanding of domestic and sexual violence and the concerns of survivors and to explore and support innovative policy approaches to issues related to domestic and sexual violence. This website has a lot of information for the client to get additional help and tools for her recovery. During the advocacy with the client, the counselor needs to be compassionate and show commitment in order to provide motivation to take action. The counselor needs to use verbal and non-verbal skills in order to be an effective counselor. Some skills the counselor needs to have is integrity, flexibility, empathy, patience, persistence, and resourcefulness. The client needs to have outreach, empowerment, social justice, and social action. Outreach involves reaching out to vulnerable populations in the community and helping clients find new ways to cope with the stressors. Empowerment is a process which the client gains resources and skills they will need to have more control over their environments and lives. Empowerment is important in this case because it helps the abused woman become aware of inappropriate use of power and privilege that her partner was claiming. Social justice is promoting access and equity to ensure full participation of all people in the life of a society as well as a belief system that values fair and equal treatment for all members of society. Social action derives from the belief system, resulting in the actions taken to promote equal rights. The counselor is involved in confronting barriers faced by clients. Abusive relationships has a significant and pervasive impact on individuals, producing a variety of mental, emotional, relational, physical, and trauma symptoms. Most therapeutic interventions focus primarily on reliving or retelling, in great detail, the sexual abuse experience. However, many clients lack a positive sense of self, an internal focus of control, and an ability to view the abuse as only part of which they are rather than the defining elements. Through a focus on Wellness factors, therapists can help adult women recognize their strengths and use them both in and outside of sessions to create and sustain positive lifestyle change. Helping clients experience positive outcomes of Wellness choices is empowering and facilitates their ability to invest in and cope with the healing process. Considering the multiple challenges many survivors bring to counseling, these outcomes are extremely important. A wellness-based intervention may increase self-efficacy, resiliency, and awareness of healthy coping skills, resulting in positive changes in everyday functioning. Such changes are inherently helpful to the survival process and can offer survivors valuable tools with which to approach future experiences. Therapists need to consider symptom presentation and prioritize the goals for therapy accordingly. Once safety is established, therapists and clients can incorporate a Wellness intervention into a range of treatment options, positive growth can occur simultaneously with distressing emotions. As with any therapeutic intervention, the therapist must continually assess the client’s experience with the intervention and alter interventions when necessary. References Cathy, S. W. (1999). Posttraumatic stress disorder in abused and neglected children grown up. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(8), 1223-9. http://search.proquest.com/docview/220471620?accountid=27965 Gladding, S.T., & Newsome, D.W. (2010). Clinical Mental Health Counseling in a Community and Agency Setting. (3rd Ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education. Hodges, E. A., & Myers, J. E. (2010). Counseling Adult Women Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse: Benefits of a Wellness Approach. Journal Of Mental Health Counseling, 32(2), 139-153. Montana Coalition Against Domestic & Sexual Violence (2010). Retrieved from- http://mcadsv.com/

Expo 2012, Yeosu, South Korea

Williams Date: August, 18th, 2012 Subject: Final report on Grenades Booth at Yeses Expo 2012. The sky of Yeses was 11th up with spectacular fireworks at 9:20 p. M. On Sunday as the city celebrated the end of 93-day Yeses Expo 2012, which kicked off on May 12. Hundreds of spectators, participants and performers joined hands and danced in circles to mark the successful wrapping up of the event.The closing ceremony, which began at 7:30 p. M. Was attended by UN Secretary-General Ban Ski-moon and Prime Minister Kim Hang-ski. Who both commended the hosts for doing a sterling Job on the Expo. Yeses Expo 201 2 held under the theme â€Å"The Living Ocean and Coast† reached Its target of attracting 8 million visitors. 104 countries participated In the expo and each country, including Grenade aimed to highlight workable solutions for achieving sustainable development and co-excellences with the living ocean as seen through its underwater sculpture park display.Grenade's Participation In Expo 2012 Reflecting the Importance of Its relationship with the ocean, Grenade presented Its home through a visually impressive booth, informative exhibits, and friendly interaction. The general public was introduced to the Moline Underwater Sculpture Park, Nutmeg, Carnival, the yachting sector and Grenade as a tourist and business trading destination. The Grenadier Booth was very well received by the general public, Pips, and business participants, and was one of the most popular at Expo 2012.Participating countries were equally complimentary about the success of our booth and appreciative of its role in furthering the work in ocean conservation. Our presence at Expo 2012 was an excellent platform to promote links between Grenade and Korea through trade, investment, people-to-people and tourism contacts. 2,223,131 visitors toured Grenade's booth. In addition 65, PIP delegations, including 2 heads of state/government, 11 ministers, and senior officials and business delegations from abroad visited the booth.The Grenadier booth clearly demonstrated Its worth In terms of the violators numbers, confirming a strong Interest in our country by the general public. The key to the success of the booth was the innovative and iconic underwater sculpture marine park display which drew many people and reactions to the piece. This made Grenade's booth stand out from other participating countries in the Atlantic west pavilion by creating a conversation as to the purpose of the park. Thus, visitors were able to get a well-rounded and insightful view not only tot the sculpture but tot Grenade as a whole.Grenade also participated in Carom's Regional Day on July 30th. Six countries; Antigen & Barbuda, Dominica, Grenade, Guyana, SST. Kits & Nevis and Surname, participated in the days events. Minister Gillis Roberts represented Grenade and the Secretary General of CAROM, Mr.. La Ruche delivered the address on behalf of CAROM. Products Another important aspect to Grenade's booth wa s the Nutmeg and Nutmeg products. Many inquiries and request for information were made especially for De La Grenade products and Molehill's Nutmeg Spray and Cream.Many were given direct information on manufacturers and others information were written down whilst many left their business cards. Several visitors also requested information on the importation and distribution of nutmeg. The Nutmeg was prominently displayed in he glass cases available and all nutmeg bi products placed therein. It attracted large crowds who were given demonstrations on how to open, grate, it uses and other relevant information. Many have heard about it but never seen it and only know of it as the most expensive spice.Recommendations Grenade's booth was well traversed by thousands of visitors during its 3 month participation in the 2012 Expo. Keen interest was shown in Grenade as a travel / tourism destination and its products. Its charm and beauty captivated audiences who were introduced to images and inf ormation about Grenade. However, the theme could have been better presented in terms of the description given along with the photos. An important piece as the underwater sculpture should have clearly stated the purpose more than anything else. People who read it still had lots of question as to â€Å"why' was it done.Each piece should have had an inviting title. Instead of Just ‘Wickedest† the display could have read â€Å"From Despair to Hope† or â€Å"Ocean conservation through artificial coral reef†. The BIB was looking forward most to how each country â€Å"developed† the theme of the expo and although it was a masterpiece, he theme was not quite well explained as to how we were dealing with conservation of the ocean. During the Judging period, each BIB member spent no more than two minutes at the booths. Also, each booth operator should have had business cards by which they could be contacted.Many visitors have requested our contact information and it had to be written on scraps of paper. Visitors also had to write information on paper for us; even some were lost due the busy day to day operations from the booth. When a laptop was available, immediate responses went out to any queries. Those who requested information on De la Grenade product were handed out cards that were provided from Ms. La Grenade. One other slight hindrance was the slow response to information requested from Grenade. Albeit the difference in time. Feedback on important information was necessary for a smoother flowing operation.A thorough checklist should have been done for the required items needed for booth operators If Grenade is to participate at another expo, our Ministry should bring in the perspective booth operators earlier to assist with preparations including theme placement and checklist for required activities. Foreign Affairs should contact any diplomat representing Grenade in the Country in which the expo is to be held. Honorary Consul L ee was very disappointed that no one contacted him. He had to tint out trot the organizing committee it Grenade was represented at the Expo and contacted us directly.Before our Commissioner of section left an appointment was made to meet with Consul Lee. During the â€Å"meeting† at the MOVE Hotel, he expressed his disappointment concerning the situation and informed Mr.. Charles and myself hat he was not there on official government business since he was not informed of our participation through the right channels; but wanted to meet with us to talk about the expo and Grenade. Conclusion I worked well with the number of visitors to the booth and offered our â€Å"Grenadier warmth and welcoming smiles† to all. Questions were answered and relative information shared on manufacturers, tourism and Grenade.We shared our countries rich heritage, cultural diversity and openness for doing business with the Korea and the rest of the world Overall, I do believe that the Expo Co mmittee met its objectives in bringing the world together to highlight, promote and to create awareness of the important role that the ocean plays in every aspect of human lives The Organizing Committee of Expo 2012 must applauded for the way in which it delivered its messages about climate change, maritime resource development, and maritime environment preservation to the public in a fun and accessible manner.Our Government, especially the Environment, Ministry of Foreign Trade, and export development must also be commended for taking on this initiative for participating in EXPO 2012

The Host Chapter 42: Forced

Ian's jaw fell slack. â€Å"You†¦ what?† â€Å"I'll explain in a minute. This isn't fair to you, but†¦ please. Just kiss me.† â€Å"It won't upset you? Melanie won't bother you?† â€Å"Ian!† I complained. â€Å"Please!† Still confused, he put his hands on my waist and pulled my body against his. His face was so worried, I wondered if this would even work. I hardly needed the romance, but maybe he did. He closed his eyes as he leaned toward me, an automatic thing. His lips pressed lightly against mine once, and then he pulled back to look at me with the same worried expression. Nothing. â€Å"No, Ian. Really kiss me. Like†¦ like you're trying to get slapped. Do you understand?† â€Å"No. What's wrong? Tell me first.† I put my arms around his neck. It felt strange; I wasn't at all sure how to do this right. I pushed up on my toes and pulled his head down at the same time until I could reach his lips with mine. This wouldn't have worked with another species. Another mind wouldn't have been so easily overwhelmed by its body. Other species had their priorities in better order. But Ian was human, and his body responded. I shoved my mouth against his, gripping his neck tighter with my arms when his first reaction was to hold me away. Remembering how his mouth had moved with mine before, I tried to mimic that movement now. His lips opened with mine, and I felt an odd thrill of triumph at my success. I caught his lower lip between my teeth and heard a low, wild sound break from his throat in surprise. And then I didn't have to try anymore. One of Ian's hands trapped my face, while the other clamped around the small of my back, holding me so close that it was hard to pull a breath into my constricted chest. I was gasping, but so was he. His breath mingled with mine. I felt the stone wall touch my back, press against it. He used it to bind me even closer. There was no part of me that wasn't fused to part of him. It was just the two of us, so close that we hardly counted as two. Just us. No one else. Alone. Ian felt it when I gave up. He must have been waiting for this-not as entirely ruled by his body as I'd imagined. He eased back as soon as my arms went limp, but kept his face next to mine, the tip of his nose touching the tip of mine. I dropped my arms, and he took a deep breath. Slowly, he loosened both his hands and then placed them lightly on my shoulders. â€Å"Explain,† he said. â€Å"She's not here,† I whispered, still breathing in gasps. â€Å"I can't find her. Not even now.† â€Å"Melanie?† â€Å"I can't hear her! Ian, how can I go back in to Jamie? He'll know that I'm lying! How can I tell him that I've lost his sister now? Ian, he's sick! I can't tell him that! I'll upset him, make it harder for him to get well. I -â€Å" Ian's fingers pressed against my lips. â€Å"Shh, shh. Okay. Let's think about this. When was the last time you heard her?† â€Å"Oh, Ian! It was right after I saw†¦ in the hospital. And she tried to defend them†¦ and I screamed at her†¦ and I-I made her go away! And I haven't heard her since. I can't find her!† â€Å"Shh,† he said again. â€Å"Calmly. Okay. Now, what do you really want? I know you don't want to upset Jamie, but he's going to be fine regardless. So, consider-would it be better, just for you, if -â€Å" â€Å"No! I can't erase Melanie! I can't. That would be wrong! That would make me a monster, too!† â€Å"Okay, okay! Okay. Shh. So we have to find her?† I nodded urgently. He took another deep breath. â€Å"Then you need to†¦ really be overwhelmed, don't you?† â€Å"I don't know what you mean.† I was afraid I did, though. Kissing Ian was one thing-even a pleasant thing, maybe, if I wasn't so racked with worry-but anything more†¦ elaborate†¦ Could I? Mel would be furious if I used her body that way. Was that what I had to do to find her? But what about Ian? It was so grossly unfair to him. â€Å"I'll be right back,† Ian promised. â€Å"Stay here.† He pressed me against the wall for emphasis and then ducked back out into the hallway. It was hard to obey. I wanted to follow him, to see what he was doing and where he was going. We had to talk about this; I had to think it through. But I had no time. Jamie was waiting for me, with questions that I couldn't answer with lies. No, he wasn't waiting for me; he was waiting for Melanie. How could I have done this? What if she was really gone? Mel, Mel, Mel, come back! Melanie, Jamie needs you. Not me-he needs you. He's sick, Mel. Mel, can you hear that? Jamie is sick! I was talking to myself. No one heard. My hands were trembling with fear and stress. I wouldn't be able to wait here much longer. I felt like the anxiety was going to make me swell until I popped. Finally, I heard footsteps. And voices. Ian wasn't alone. Confusion swept through me. â€Å"Just think of it as†¦ an experiment,† Ian was saying. â€Å"Are you crazy?† Jared answered. â€Å"Is this some sick joke?† My stomach dropped through the floor. Overwhelmed. That's what he'd meant. Blood burned in my face, hot as Jamie's fever. What was Ian doing to me? I wanted to run, to hide somewhere better than my last hiding place, somewhere I could never, ever be found, no matter how many flashlights they used. But my legs were shaking, and I couldn't move. Ian and Jared came into view in the room where the tunnels met. Ian's face was expressionless; he had one hand on Jared's shoulder and was guiding him, almost pushing him forward. Jared was staring at Ian with anger and doubt. â€Å"Through here,† Ian encouraged, forcing Jared toward me. I flattened my back against the rock. Jared saw me, saw my mortified expression, and stopped. â€Å"Wanda, what's this about?† I threw Ian one blazing glance of reproach and then tried to meet Jared's eyes. I couldn't do it. I looked at his feet instead. â€Å"I lost Melanie,† I whispered. â€Å"You lost her!† I nodded miserably. His voice was hard and angry. â€Å"How?† â€Å"I'm not sure. I made her be quiet†¦ but she always comes back†¦ always before†¦ I can't hear her now†¦ and Jamie†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"She's gone?† Muted agony in his voice. â€Å"I don't know. I can't find her.† Deep breath. â€Å"Why does Ian think I have to kiss you?† â€Å"Not kiss me,† I said, my voice so faint I could barely hear it myself. â€Å"Kiss her. Nothing upset her more than when you kissed us†¦ before. Nothing pulled her to the surface like that. Maybe†¦ No. You don't have to. I'll try to find her myself.† I still had my eyes on his feet, so I saw him step toward me. â€Å"You think, if I kiss her†¦?† I couldn't even nod. I tried to swallow. Familiar hands brushed my neck, tracing down either side to my shoulders. My heart thudded loud enough that I wondered if he could hear it. I was so embarrassed, forcing him to touch me this way. What if he thought it was a trick-my idea, not Ian's? I wondered if Ian was still there, watching. How much would this hurt him? One hand continued, as I knew it would, down my arm to my wrist, leaving a trail of fire behind it. The other cupped beneath my jaw, as I knew it must, and pulled my face up. His cheek pressed against mine, the skin burning where we were connected, and he whispered in my ear. â€Å"Melanie. I know you're there. Come back to me.† His cheek slowly slid back, and his chin tilted to the side so that his mouth covered mine. He tried to kiss me softly. I could tell that he tried. But his intentions went up in smoke, just like before. There was fire everywhere, because he was everywhere. His hands traced my skin, burning it. His lips tasted every inch of my face. The rock wall slammed into my back, but there was no pain. I couldn't feel anything besides the burning. My hands knotted in his hair, pulling him to me as if there were any possible way for us to be closer. My legs wrapped around his waist, the wall giving me the leverage I needed. His tongue twisted with mine, and there was no part of my mind that was not invaded by the insane desire that possessed me. He pulled his mouth free and pressed his lips to my ear again. â€Å"Melanie Stryder!† It was so loud in my ear, a growl that was almost a shout. â€Å"You will not leave me. Don't you love me? Prove it! Prove it! Damn it, Mel! Get back here!† His lips attacked mine again. Ahhh, she groaned weakly in my head. I couldn't think to greet her. I was on fire. The fire burned its way to her, back to the tiny corner where she drooped, nearly lifeless. My hands fisted around the fabric of Jared's T-shirt, yanking it up. This was their idea; I didn't tell them what to do. His hands burned on the skin of my back. Jared? she whispered. She tried to orient herself, but the mind we shared was so disoriented. I felt the muscles of his stomach under my palms, my hands crushed between us. What? Where†¦ Melanie struggled. I broke away from his mouth to breathe, and his lips scorched their way down my throat. I buried my face in his hair, inhaling the scent. Jared! Jared! NO! I let her flow through my arms, knowing this was what I wanted, though I could barely pay attention now. The hands on his stomach turned hard, angry. The fingers clawed at his skin and then shoved him as hard as they could. â€Å"NO!† she shouted through my lips. Jared caught her hands, then caught me against the wall before I could fall. I sagged, my body confused by the conflicting directions it was receiving. â€Å"Mel? Mel!† â€Å"What are you doing?† He groaned in relief. â€Å"I knew you could do it! Ah, Mel!† He kissed her again, kissed the lips that she now controlled, and we could both taste the tears that ran down his face. She bit him. Jared jumped back from us, and I slid to the floor, landing in a wilted heap. He started laughing. â€Å"That's my girl. You still got her, Wanda?† â€Å"Yes,† I gasped. What the hell, Wanda? she screeched at me. Where have you been? Do you have any idea what I've been going through trying to find you? Yeah, I can see that you were really suffering. Oh, I'll suffer, I promised her. I could already feel it coming on. Just like before†¦ She was flipping through my thoughts as fast as she could. Jamie? That's what I've been trying to tell you. He needs you. Then why aren't we with him? Because he's probably a bit young to watch this kind of thing. She searched through some more. Wow, Ian, too. I'm glad I missed that part. I was so worried. I didn't know what to do†¦ Well, c'mon. Let's go. â€Å"Mel?† Jared asked. â€Å"She's here. She's furious. She wants to see Jamie.† Jared put his arm around me and helped me up. â€Å"You can be as mad as you want, Mel. Just stick around.† How long was I gone? Three days is all. Her voice was suddenly smaller. Where was I? You don't know? I can't remember†¦ anything. We shuddered. â€Å"You okay?† Jared asked. â€Å"Sort of.† â€Å"Was that her before, talking to me-talking out loud?† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Can she†¦ can you let her do that now?† I sighed. I was already exhausted. â€Å"I can try.† I closed my eyes. Can you get past me? I asked her. Can you talk to him? I†¦ How? Where? I tried to flatten myself against the inside of my head. â€Å"C'mon,† I murmured. â€Å"Here.† Melanie struggled, but there was no way out. Jared's lips came down on mine, hard. My eyes flew open in shock. His gold-flecked eyes were open, too, half an inch away. She jerked our head back. â€Å"Cut that out! Don't touch her!† He smiled, the little creases feathering out around his eyes. â€Å"Hey, baby.† That's not funny. I tried to breathe again. â€Å"She's not laughing.† He left his arm around me. Around us. We walked out into the tunnel junction, and there was no one there. No Ian. â€Å"I'm warning you, Mel,† Jared said, still smiling widely. Teasing. â€Å"You better stay right here. I'm not making any guarantees about what I will or won't do to get you back.† My stomach fluttered. Tell him I'll throttle him if he touches you like that again. But her threat was a joke, too. â€Å"She's threatening your life right now,† I told him. â€Å"But I think she's being facetious.† He laughed, giddy with relief. â€Å"You're so serious all the time, Wanda.† â€Å"Your jokes aren't funny,† I muttered. Not to me. Jared laughed again. Ah, Melanie said. You are suffering. I'll try not to let Jamie see. Thank you for bringing me back. I won't erase you, Melanie. I'm sorry I can't give you more than that. Thank you. â€Å"What's she saying?† â€Å"We're just†¦ making up.† â€Å"Why couldn't she talk before, when you were trying to let her?† â€Å"I don't know, Jared. There really isn't enough room for both of us. I can't seem to get myself out of the way completely. It's like†¦ not like holding your breath. Like trying to pause your heartbeats. I can't make myself not exist. I don't know how.† He didn't answer, and my chest throbbed with pain. How joyful he would be if I could figure out how to erase myself! Melanie wanted to†¦ not to contradict me, but to make me feel better; she struggled to find words to soften my agony. She couldn't come up with the right ones. But Ian would be devastated. And Jamie. Jeb would miss you. You have so many friends here. Thanks. I was glad that we were back to our room now. I needed to think about something else before I started crying. Now wasn't the time for self-pity. There were more important issues at hand than my heart, breaking yet again.

Photography and Pinhole Camera

9/20/2011 11H | Rashad C. Collie| The Pinhole Camera| The Pinhole Camera| How to build a pinhole camera Materials needed:1. Ruler 2. Sturdy cardboard box 3. Black tape 4. Black paper 5. Black paint 6. No. 10 sewing needle 7. Craft knife 8. Aluminum foil 9. Film or photographic paper Instructions:1. Make sure your container is light-proof and allows no light leaks. Cover up any holes, cracks or crevices with black tape, but leave an opening such as a flap to insert and remove film. Boxes should be made of durable cardboard or stiff paper, and lids and flaps should close securely. . Black out your camera. Line the inside of the box with black paper to prevent reflections and to protect against unwanted light filtering through. Preventing light seepage is important, as the light you do allow in to the camera should be very controlled. 3. Cut a ? -inch hole opposite the box opening with a craft knife. Make the pinhole by puncturing a number 10 sewing needle through a small square of alum inum foil measuring about 3-by-2 inches, rotating the needle as you push it through. Stop pushing the needle through when it is halfway in. Tape the foil over the ? -inch hole on the inside of the box. Kodak recommends positioning the pinhole 3 to 6 inches from where the film will be placed. 4. Make the shutter by taping a piece of opaque black paper over the pinhole. You can make a shutter from wood or plastic by screwing it onto the body so that it covers the pinhole completely when not in use. 5. Load the film into the box in a completely darkened room. Use a small square of photographic paper or sheet film like Kodak Tri-X Pan Professional Film. A typical box arger than 3-by-4 inches will need film or paper that measures about 2? -by-3? inches; simply cut to size. Load the film so that the shiny (emulsion) side faces the pinhole. Tape the film or paper down at the corners so that it does not come loose. 6. Exposure refers to the amount of time that film or paper is exposed to light when taking the picture. Keep your camera as steady as possible when taking the picture; you may need to set it down on a flat surface. T he exposure time varies from 2 to 8 minutes for photographic paper and from 1 to 8 seconds for film. Choose the lower end of the spectrum for bright light conditions and the higher end for a cloudy day or dim lighting. Develop as normal. How does a pinhole camera work? A pinhole camera is a simple camera without lens and has a small hole to let light in called an aperture. A pinhole camera is an effectively light-proof with a small hole in one side. Light passes through the aperture and projects an upside-down image on the opposite side of the box. The smaller the hole the smaller and sharper the image will be that is projected.

Breach Of Patients Safety By Using Of Medical Devices Essay

Breach Of Patients Safety By Using Of Medical Devices - Essay Example The booklet â€Å"Equipped to care† provides practical information on medical devices for health professionals, who will enhance patients care† (Department of Health 2000). Demographic factors, changing illness patterns and the concept of patients as consumers of healthcare will act as a driver to the delivery of care, where sophisticated device usage will become increasingly routine (Department of Health 2002). Medical devices have moved from being tools to support clinical practice to being an integral requirement in treatment delivery (Quinn 2000). However, use of medical devices is not entirely free of risk since sometimes they malfunction, or sometimes clients may have increased suffering from their misuse.Over the past 20 years, there has been significant development around medical device safety, from MHRA and the Department of Health. However, in the later years, available studies have been limited. Research articles were published in the early stages of developme nt on the safety of use of medical devices and were reinvestigated some years later, in 2001 – 2003. For some time, there has been a shortfall of ongoing research, and tremendous advances in medical equipment at the same time, previous research were deemed unreliable. It is perceived that major devices of the earlier time are now considered as minor. The major devices being studied today would not have been foreseen in previous years. The evolving complexity of devices and the need for training have been highlighted.